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OBJECTIVE@#To explore the clinical efficacy of focused extracorporeal shock wave therapy with centrifugal exercise in the treatment of greater trochanteric pain syndrome.@*METHODS@#From September 2017 to June 2019, 53 eligible cases of greater trochanteric pain syndrome were randomly divided into observation group (29 cases) and control group (24 cases). In observation group, there were 8 males and 21 females, aged from 38 to 62 years old with an average of (49.96±6.39) years old; the course of disease ranged from 6 to 13 months with an average of (8.58±1.99) months;treated with focused extracorporeal shock wave therapy with centrifugal exercise. In control group, there were 5 males and 19 females, aged from 39 to 62 years old with an average of (52.79±5.86) years old;the course of disease ranged from 6 to 14 months with an average of (9.04±2.51) months;treated with centrifugal exercise alone. Visual analogue scale (VAS) and hip Harris score were measured before ESWT treatment and at 1, 2, and 6 months to evaluate relieve degree of pain and functional recovery of hip joint, respectively.@*RESULTS@#At 1 month after treatment, there were no significant differences in VAS, hip Harris score and treatment success rate (all @*CONCLUSION@#In treatment of greater trochanteric pain syndrome, focused extracorporeal shock wave therapy with centrifugal exercise could significantly relieve symptoms of lateral hip pain, improve functional recovery of hip joint with good safety. This treatment strategy is worthy of application and promotion in clinical practice.
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Male , Middle Aged , Arthralgia , Bursitis , Extracorporeal Shockwave Therapy , Hip , Hip Joint , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
ABSTRACT Introduction To achieve an improvement in self-regulation, and consequently competitive performance, it is necessary to evaluate psychological skills training programs. It was hypothesized that the introduction of autogenic training and guided imagery could bring about positive changes in anxiety and self-confidence, as compared to regular training and competitive activities. Objective To investigate the effects of a psychological skills training program on the optimization of anxiety and self-confidence. Methods Twenty-four athletes from the Serbian national karate team were divided into experimental (EXP) and control (CON) groups. During eight weeks, both groups underwent an identical karate training and competing program. The program was adapted for top karate athletes according to their daily routines and the specific demands of the activity. In addition, the EXP group underwent the psychological skills training program, based on autogenic training and guided imagery. The Competitive State Anxiety Inventory-2 was used to measure the multidimensional construct of the state of anxiety, and the Movement Imagery Questionnaire-3 to assess individual ability to imagine movements. Results Repeated measures ANOVA results indicated a difference in anxiety levels between the EXP and CON groups after the intervention. Further analysis indicated a decrease in cognitive anxiety and an increase in self-confidence among participants from the EXP group. Conclusion The applied psychological skills program had a positive effect on anxiety optimization and self-confidence levels in top karate athletes. As emotional self-regulation is also crucial for athletes of other sports, the implementation of this intervention can be recommended, provided that it is adapted to the specific characteristics of each sport. Level of evidence II; Therapeutic studies - Investigating treatments results.
RESUMO Introdução Para a melhoria da autorregulação e, consequentemente, do desempenho competitivo, faz-se necessário avaliar os programas de treino das habilidades psicológicas. Foi formulada a hipótese de que os treinos autogênico e de visualização guiada poderiam induzir alterações positivas na ansiedade e na autoconfiança, quando comparados à prática das atividades regulares de treino-competição. Objetivo Investigar os efeitos de um programa de treino de habilidades psicológicas na otimização da ansiedade e da autoconfiança. Métodos Foram divididos em Grupos Experimental (EXP) e Controle (CON) 24 atletas da equipe nacional de caratê da Sérvia. Ao longo de 8 semanas, ambos os grupos foram submetidos a um programa de treino e competição idêntico. O programa foi adaptado para atletas de elite de caratê de acordo com suas rotinas diárias e as demandas específicas da modalidade. Adicionalmente, o grupo EXP participou do programa de treino de habilidades psicológicas, baseado no treino autogênico e na visualização guiada. Foram utilizados o Inventário de Estado de Ansiedade Competitiva-2, para medir o constructo multidimensional do estado de ansiedade, e o Questionário de Imagens de Movimento-3, para avaliar a habilidade individual para imaginar os movimentos. Resultados Os resultados da ANOVA por medidas repetidas indicaram diferença nos níveis de ansiedade dos Grupos EXP e CON após a intervenção. Análise mais profunda indicou redução da ansiedade cognitiva e aumento da autoconfiança nos participantes do Grupo EXP. Conclusão O programa habilidades mentais aplicado apresentou efeito positivo na otimização da ansiedade e dos níveis de autoconfiança dos caratecas de elite. Uma vez que a autorregulação do estado psicológico também é crucial para atletas de outras modalidades, a implementação desta intervenção pode ser recomendada, desde que adaptada às suas especificidades. Nivel de evidência II; Estudos terapêticos - investigação dos resultados do tratamento.
RESUMEN Introducción Para la mejora de la autorregulación y, consiguientemente, del desempeño competitivo, se hace necesario evaluar los programas de entrenamiento de las habilidades psicológicas. Fue formulada la hipótesis de que los entrenamientos autógeno y de visualización guiada podrían inducir alteraciones positivas en la ansiedad y en la autoconfianza, cuando comparados a la práctica de las actividades regulares de entrenamiento-competición. Objetivo Investigar los efectos de un programa de entrenamiento de habilidades psicológicas en la optimización de la ansiedad y de la autoconfianza. Métodos Fueron divididos en Grupos Experimental (EXP) y Control (CON) 24 atletas del equipo nacional de karate de Serbia. A lo largo de 8 semanas, ambos grupos fueron sometidos a un programa de entrenamiento y competición idéntico. El programa fue adaptado para atletas de élite de karate de acuerdo con sus rutinas diarias y las demandas específicas de la modalidad. Adicionalmente, el grupo EXP participó en el programa de entrenamiento de habilidades psicológicas, basado en el entrenamiento autógeno y en la visualización guiada. Fueron utilizados el Inventario de Estado de Ansiedad Competitiva-2, para medir el constructo multidimensional del estado de ansiedad, y el Cuestionario de Imágenes de Movimiento-3, para evaluar la habilidad individual para imaginar los movimientos. Resultados Los resultados de ANOVA por medidas repetidas indicaron diferencia en los niveles de ansiedad de los Grupos EXP y CON después de la intervención. Un análisis más profundo indicó reducción de la ansiedad cognitiva y aumento de la autoconfianza en los participantes del Grupo EXP. Conclusión El programa de habilidades mentales aplicado presentó efecto positivo en la optimización de la ansiedad y de los niveles de autoconfianza de los karatecas de élite. Dado que la autorregulación del estado psicológico también es crucial para atletas de otras modalidades, puede ser recomendada la implementación de esta intervención, desde que sea adaptada a sus especificidades. Nivel de evidencia II; Estudios terapéuticos - investigación de los resultados del tratamiento.
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Objective To investigate the effect of square dance on bone mineral density and osphyarthrosis and gonitis in postmenopausal women.Methods The postmenopausal women who danced on a square in the Second Hospital of Wuxi Mfiliated to Nanjing Medical University from January 2014 to January 2015 were selected and divided into different groups by age.Each group of subjects received the bone mineral density test of their lumbar vertebral body 1-3,so as to analyze the difference between the bone mineral density of each vertebral body and the corresponding age,as well as the relationship between the age and the bone mineral density.The bone mineral density of their lumbar vertebrae was measured one year later,and the incidence rates of osphyarthrosis and gonitis were observed,thus the influence of square dancing on bone mineral density and the incidence of osphyarthrosis and gonitis of postmenopausal women was studied.Results There was statistically significant difference in the bone mineral density for lumbar vertebrae of different age groups (F =74.213,P ＜ 0.01),among which the bone mineral density of lumbar vertebrae 1 ～ 3 in the age group of 45-60 showed a decreasing trend,with a medium negative correlation with age (r =0.978).After dancing on a square for 1 year,the bone mineral density of lumbar vertebral body 1-3 of subjects in the age group of 45-50,the age group of ＞ 50-55,the age group of ＞ 55 ～ 60,the age group of ＞ 60-65,the age group of ＞ 65-70 and the age group of over 70 were (149.51 ± 31.65) mg/cm3,(118.98 ± 34.55) mg/cm3,(103.56 ± 23.44) mg/cm3,(86.88 ± 34.21) mg/cm3,(69.89 ± 29.72) mg/cm3,(61.22 ± 34.21) mg/cm3,respectively,which increased slightly;the bone mineral density of the age group of 45-50,the age group of ＞ 50-55 and the age group of ＞55-60 increased significantly(F =8.012,3.567,4.774,all P ＜0.05).Square dancing had no significant effect on the incidence of osphyarthrosis and gonitis of postmenopausal women.Conclusion The age group of 45-60 is the most obvious period of bone mineral density decline for women.Square dancing can effectively improve the bone mineral density of postmenopausal women in this age group,but has no obvious effect on the improvement of the bone mineral density of women in other age groups.Square dancing has no effect on the incidence of osphyarthrosis and gonitis of postmenopausal women.
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PURPOSE: This study was conducted to evaluate the effectiveness of autogenic training on stress responses through a systematic review and meta-analysis. METHODS: A systematic search was conducted using eight core electronic databases (Embase, CENTRAL, Medline, CINAHL, PsycInfo, DBpia, KISS, and RISS). To estimate the effect size, a meta-analysis of the studies was performed using RevMan 5.3.5 program. RESULTS: A total 21 studies out of 950 studies were included in the review, and 11 were included for meta-analysis. These studies showed that autogenic training decreased anxiety and depression, and increased the high frequency of heart rate variability. Calculations to understand the effect of autogenic training on anxiety, through a meta-analysis, observed a reduction effect of anxiety score by 1.37 points (n=85, SMD=−1.37: 95% CI −2.07 to −0.67), in the studies on short-term intervention targeting healthy adults. On the other hand, similar calculations to understand the effect of autogenic training on depression observed, a reduction effect on the depression score by 0.29 point (n=327, SMD=−0.29: 95% CI −0.50 to −0.07), in the studies on long term intervention targeting the patient group. CONCLUSION: Autogenic training is effective for adults' stress management, and nurses will be able to effectively perform autogenic training programs for workers' stress relief at the workplace.
Subject(s)
Adult , Humans , Anxiety , Autogenic Training , Depression , Hand , Heart Rate , Stress, Physiological , Stress, PsychologicalABSTRACT
Objective@#To investigate the effect of square dance on bone mineral density and osphyarthrosis and gonitis in postmenopausal women.@*Methods@#The postmenopausal women who danced on a square in the Second Hospital of Wuxi Affiliated to Nanjing Medical University from January 2014 to January 2015 were selected and divided into different groups by age.Each group of subjects received the bone mineral density test of their lumbar vertebral body 1-3, so as to analyze the difference between the bone mineral density of each vertebral body and the corresponding age, as well as the relationship between the age and the bone mineral density.The bone mineral density of their lumbar vertebrae was measured one year later, and the incidence rates of osphyarthrosis and gonitis were observed, thus the influence of square dancing on bone mineral density and the incidence of osphyarthrosis and gonitis of postmenopausal women was studied.@*Results@#There was statistically significant difference in the bone mineral density for lumbar vertebrae of different age groups(F=74.213, P<0.01), among which the bone mineral density of lumbar vertebrae 1~3 in the age group of 45-60 showed a decreasing trend, with a medium negative correlation with age(r=0.978). After dancing on a square for 1 year, the bone mineral density of lumbar vertebral body 1-3 of subjects in the age group of 45-50, the age group of >50-55, the age group of >55~60, the age group of >60-65, the age group of >65-70 and the age group of over 70 were (149.51±31.65)mg/cm3, (118.98±34.55)mg/cm3, (103.56±23.44)mg/cm3, (86.88±34.21)mg/cm3, (69.89±29.72)mg/cm3, (61.22±34.21)mg/cm3, respectively, which increased slightly; the bone mineral density of the age group of 45-50, the age group of >50-55 and the age group of >55-60 increased significantly(F=8.012, 3.567, 4.774, all P<0.05). Square dancing had no significant effect on the incidence of osphyarthrosis and gonitis of postmenopausal women.@*Conclusion@#The age group of 45-60 is the most obvious period of bone mineral density decline for women.Square dancing can effectively improve the bone mineral density of postmenopausal women in this age group, but has no obvious effect on the improvement of the bone mineral density of women in other age groups.Square dancing has no effect on the incidence of osphyarthrosis and gonitis of postmenopausal women.
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study the efficacy and safety of voluntary rehabilitation exercise in the treatment of knee osteoarthritis, based on the traditional Chinese medicine theory of "treating muscle for bone".</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Ninety participants with early knee osteoarthritis were randomly divided into experimental group (=45) and control group (=45). Patients in experimental group were treated with voluntary rehabilitation exercise combined with isometric extension of quadriceps femoris. Patients in control group were treated with apparatus training combined with isometric extension of quadriceps femoris. The treatment course lasted for two weeks. Visual analogue scale (VAS), Lysholm score and total therapeutic effect were evaluated before and after treatments.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>After two weeks of treatment, cure-remarkable-effective rate in experimental group (86.67%) was higher than that in control group (71.11%). The VAS scores and Lysholm scores were significantly improved in both two groups (<0.05). The results were significantly better in experimental group those in control group (<0.05). There were no serious adverse events.</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>Voluntary rehabilitation exercise combined with isometric extension of quadriceps femoris was effective and safe in the treatment of early knee osteoarthritis.</p>
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<p><b>OBJECTIVE</b>To study effects of strengthening exercise with strong tendon on the lumbosacral multifidus muscle.</p><p><b>METHODS</b>Among 30 healthy volunteers, there were 21 males and 9 females, with an average age of(31.30±6.48) years old(ranged, 25 to 55 years old). The mean BMI was (21.70±1.95) kg/m²(ranged, 18.1 to 24.9 kg/m²). The ultrasonic image was used to analyze the thickness of lumbosacral multifidus(LM) under the follow conditions: supine position, and supine position with leg lifting 30°, 60°, 90°; seat and hip flexion, flexion to limit position, front to limit position with both hands climbing and strengthening the kidneys and the waist.</p><p><b>RESULTS</b>The average lumbosacral multifidus thickness was (16.867±2.460) mm, (19.010±2.510) mm, (22.477±2.220) mm, and(27.593±2.370) mm respectively in supine position with leg lifting 0°, 30°, 60°, 90°. There were statistical differences(=423.619,<0.05). The average lumbosacral multifidus thickness was (25.810±2.440) mm, (15.677±2.130) mm, and (15.533±2.110) mm respectively in seat and hip flexion, flexion to limit, front to limit positions with both hands climbing and strengthening the kidneys and the waist. There were statistical differences(=597.789,<0.05).</p><p><b>CONCLUSIONS</b>When healthy volunteers in Shi's Orthopedics strengthen muscle exercises training, multifidus thickness is increased with the increasing of leg degree, reduced with the increasing of the flexion degree. It can change the stretching state of multifidus muscle by a specific training, so as to achieve the purpose of training the multifidus muscle.</p>
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PURPOSE: This study was undertaken to confirm the effects of autogenic training (AT) on stress response and heart rate variability in nursing school students experiencing stress related to clinical training. METHODS: The study was carried out from September 2012 to April 2013 in a quasi-experimental nonequivalent control group using a pretest-posttest design. The participants were 40 nursing students in their third year at either of two nursing colleges. All consented to participate. Nineteen nursing students at one college were assigned to the experimental group and underwent the 8-week AT program, and the other 21 were assigned to the control group and did not undergo any training. Stress response was assessed by questionnaire and HRV was measured three times, that is, before the program, at the end of the program, and 6 months after the end of the AT program. RESULTS: A significant time/group interaction was found for stress response (F = 4.68, p = .012), a subjective indicator. However, no significant interaction was found for the objective indicators of heart rate variability, normalized low frequency (F = 2.59, p = .090), normalized high frequency (F = 2.59, p = .090), or low frequency to high frequency ratio (F = 1.38, p = .257). CONCLUSION: The results suggest that AT provides an acceptable approach to stress reduction in nursing students.
Subject(s)
Humans , Adaptation, Psychological , Autogenic Training/methods , Case-Control Studies , Heart Rate/physiology , Surveys and Questionnaires , Stress, Psychological/rehabilitation , Students, Nursing/psychology , Treatment OutcomeABSTRACT
Biofeedback with or without combined autogenic training is known to be effective for the treatment of migraine. This study aimed to examine the effect of biofeedback treatment on headache activity, anxiety, and depression in Korean female patients with migraine headache. Patients were randomized into the treatment group (n=17) and monitoring group (n=15). Mood states including anxiety and depression, and psychophysiological variables such as mean skin temperature of the patients were compared with those of the normal controls (n=21). We found greater treatment response rate (defined as > or =50% reduction in headache index) in patients with biofeedback-assisted autogenic training than in monitoring group. The scores on the anxiety and depression scales in the patients receiving biofeedback-assisted autogenic training decreased after the biofeedback treatment. Moreover, the decrease in their anxiety levels was significantly related to the treatment outcome. This result suggests that the biofeedback-assisted autogenic training is effective for the treatment of migraine and its therapeutic effect is closely related to the improvement of the anxiety level.
Subject(s)
Adult , Female , Humans , Affect , Analysis of Variance , Anxiety , Autogenic Training/methods , Biofeedback, Psychology/methods , Body Temperature , Depression , Migraine Disorders/therapy , Republic of Korea , Severity of Illness IndexABSTRACT
OBJECTIVES: We aimed to evaluate the efficacy of biofeedback-assisted autogenic training for chronic tension-type headache, and to determine the relationship among the changes in electromyography (EMG) activity, headache activity, and mood states according to the psychophysiological treatment. METHODS: Chronic tension-type headache patients aged from 20 to 40 years (n=35) were randomized to the treatment group receiving biofeedback-assisted autogenic training (8 sessions) or the monitoring-only control group. EMG activities, headache index, and various psychological variables were examined. RESULTS: We found greater treatment response rate (> or =50% reduction in headache index) in patients with biofeedbackassisted autogenic training than in the monitoring group (61% vs. 18%; chi-square=6.882, df=1, p=0.01). There were no significant changes in the mean values of the pretreatment EMG activities across the sessions in either group (all p's>0.1). Mood states including anxiety and depression improved over time in the both groups, with the improvements being more prominent in the treatment group. Moreover, the reduction in depression level predicted treatment outcome in terms of headache index (95% confidence interval: 0.272-0.966, p=0.039). CONCLUSION: These results show that biofeedback-assisted autogenic training is effective for the treatment of chronic tension-type headache in a Korean population. Changes in mood states may be closely associated with the clinical outcome in the treatment of chronic tension-type headache using biofeedback-assisted autogenic training.